Abstract
A general formulation describing a multitone periodicity of reactance surfaces is investigated, assuming a 1-D periodicity along the surface, while the surface periodicity is composed of several modulation indices. The dispersion analysis of the wave guided by artificial reactance surfaces is theoretically studied based on Floquet’s theorem, and then, rigorous results are obtained for the two-tone modulated reactance surfaces (MRSs). Using ${n=-2}$ and ${n=-3}$ space harmonics (SHs) in a two-tone MRS, a novel planar leaky-wave antenna (LWA) composed of a transverse magnetic (TM) surface wave source and a two-tone MRS is proposed to achieve double-beam radiation. At the design frequency of 14 GHz, the suggested antenna is simulated and then manufactured. It is observed that the theoretical analysis of the radiation power and beam angles of the fast SHs have good agreement with the simulation results and measurements.
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