Abstract
Economical management of water resources involves water management on a national scale, including river basins and catchment areas, as well as on the scale of drainage systems. One of the devices for controlling the outflow of groundwater from a network of ditches is a flow regulator. In this work, three flow regulators were studied for their water damming capacity in the drainage network and the adjacent ground with the aim of determining their hydraulic characteristics and operating conditions. The adjustment consisted of changing the closing height in order to obtain the required damming level in a ditch. All three tested regulators were characterized by the presence of effective flow Qe, the value of which was determined for different damming levels. Water leaks occurred mainly in places where the damming elements were embedded in vertical guides and, to a lesser extent, at the horizontal joints of successively placed beams. The impact of the overflow shape and the development of the crest line on the obtained flow rate increase was different for the tested S, U, and Z models. The expansion coefficient of the overflow crest equaled kr = 1.0 for the rectilinear S regulator, kr = 1.58 for the labyrinth U regulator, and kr = 1.74 for the compound Z regulator. For the S4 variant, the modular total flow factor reached kQ = 1.19 for the elevation of the upper water above the overflow H = 14.9 cm. The U2 variant was characterized by a modular flow coefficient of kQ = 1.48 for H = 10.7 cm. For the Z1 variant with a cylindrical corner shape, the modular flow coefficient value was kQ = 1.60 for H = 8.2 cm in elevation. For the Z2 variant with an angular corner shape, kQ = 1.63 for H = 8.4 cm.
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