Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by restricted interests and repetitive behavior, as well as deficit in communication skills and daily social interaction. Children with ASD are also at risk for developing disruptive behavior, such as noncompliance which have negative impact in academic and social functioning. Excessive noncompliance can be decreased by increasing positive alternative behavior, such as compliance with behavior modification. This study aimed to examine effectiveness of behavior modification program to enhance compliance for child with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HF-ASD) through single case A-B with follow-up design. Participant of this study was an 8-years old boy with HF-ASD and demonstrated noncompliance problem. This intervention was conducted in 19 sessions and applied errorless compliance training principle, such as behavioral momentum, errorless learning, effective instruction delivery, and positive reinforcement. Results showed behavior modification program effective to enhance compliance for child with HF-ASD from 8% to 81%, as well as generalized effect to untrained instruction that were not focus of intervention.
Highlights
O enhance compliance for child with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HFASD) through single case A-B with follow-up design
This study aimed to examine effectiveness of behavior modification program to
Evaluating tasks within a high-probability request sequence in children with autism spectrum disorder
Summary
Seorang anak dianggap patuh ketika ia mampu menginisiasi perilaku yang diminta dalam waktu 10 detik dan menyelesaikannya kurang lebih dalam 40-60 detik atau dalam periode waktu yang masuk akal untuk permintaan yang lebih kompleks (Ducharme & Drain, 2004; Ducharme & Ng, 2012). Anak juga dapat dikatakan patuh ketika menginisiasi dalam kurun waktu 10 detik dan mengikuti dalam kurun waktu 15 detik ketika diberikan instruksi verbal (Fischetti et al, 2012). Pada prinsip teori behavioral momentum dijelaskan bahwa sekali perilaku diinisiasi dalam kemunculan stimulus tertentu dan terjadi dalam tingkat yang tinggi (high rate) ketika stimulus tersebut muncul, maka perilaku tersebut ataupun perilaku yang mirip akan cenderung memiliki kemungkinan lebih tinggi untuk terjadi juga kecuali adanya pengaruh lain yang menggangu. Penerapan prinsip tersebut diaplikasikan dalam program modifikasi perilaku dengan berulang kali memberikan instruksi yang lebih mungkin diikuti oleh anak pada awal program dan memberikan reinforcement pada respon tersebut. Pada program ini juga digunakan positive reinforcement untuk meningkatkan perilaku kepatuhan. Nantinya token economy dapat ditukarkan dengan backup reinforcers misalnya berupa makanan, aktivitas, atau barang yang di sukai oleh P
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