Modified CUPRAC spectrophotometric quantification of total polyphenol content in beer samples using Cu(II)/neocuproine complexes

Abstract

Cu(II)/neocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) complexes were utilized for spectrophotometric determination of total polyphenol content in beers. This procedure is based on the reduction of Cu(II) by polyphenols in hydroethanolic medium (pH 7.0) in the presence of neocuproine, yielding Cu(I)/complexes with maximum absorption at 454nm. The sensitivity of the proposed method was compared with the AOAC method using tannic and gallic acid as standards. The average apparent molar absorptivity, in Lcm−1mol−1, of tannic acid (3.50±0.20)×105 and gallic acid (5.12±0.21)×104, was twice as high for the proposed method. A lower limit of detection (LOD) (2.9×10−1mgL−1) was found when tannic acid was used in the proposed method. Additionally, less interference from the most common additives in beers was noticed. Total content of polyphenols was analyzed in 17 Brazilian samples. Results ranged from 35.5 to 556mgL−1 of tannic acid, with higher values for recovery rates (45.4–118%, mean 85.0%) than for gallic acid. Although tannic acid is a mixture of polygalloyl glucoses, the total polyphenol content found in the samples suggests that tannic acid should be used as a standard. This is the first attempt to use this particular copper complex to quantify total polyphenol content in beer samples.