Abstract
This paper presents some characteristics, properties, and morphology of TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) modified with various contents of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) coupling agent. The treatment process was carried out in ethanol solvent at 50oC using ammonia as a catalyst for hydrolysis reaction of silane to silanol. Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods were used for determination of the characteristics, properties of nano-TiO2 before and after treatment. In addition, the contact angle and grafting efficiency of TMSPM on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was also evaluated. The obtained results confirmed that TMSPM was grafted to the TiO2 nanoparticles, the agglomeration of nano-TiO2 was decreased, and surface of TiO2 nanoparticles became hydrophobic after modification by TMSPM.
Highlights
TiO2 nanoparticles have been commonly used in numerous fields thanks to its advantages such as small particle size, large specific surface area, stability, photocatalyst ability, high light reflectivity, high opacity, low light absorption, heat durable, ultraviolet protecting ability, and cheapness [1, 2]
Nano-TiO2 has low toxicity and antimicrobial ability. us, it can be used in food industry and drug delivery systems [2, 3]
Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). e FESEM images of nano-TiO2 before and after modification were performed by using a S-4800 FESEM machine (Hitachi, Japan) with the magnification of 1000 to 200,000 times
Summary
TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) have been commonly used in numerous fields (materials science, medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, environmental protection, cosmetics, etc.) thanks to its advantages such as small particle size, large specific surface area, stability, photocatalyst ability, high light reflectivity, high opacity, low light absorption, heat durable, ultraviolet protecting ability, and cheapness [1, 2]. To increase the dispersibility as well as decrease the agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles in polymer matrix, surface modification of nano-TiO2 is a key pathway. E nature and amount of the organosilanes, the size, and distribution of nano-TiO2 influence on the effectiveness of treatment process and surface characteristics, properties of modified nano-TiO2. As reported in some literature studies, TiO2 was modified with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, TiO2 particles were in micromet size [9], and treatment solvent was o-xylene [18]. E purpose of this modification is to increase hydrophobicity of nanoparticles as compared to the nonmodified ones, leading to enhancement of dispersion and interaction of modified nanoparticles in resin matrix, resulting in the improvement of properties of the nanocomposites TiO2 together with functional groups of polymer matrix than vinyltrimethoxysilane with only one functional group (C C). e characteristics, properties, and morphology of nano-TiO2 before and after modification was investigated and reported. e purpose of this modification is to increase hydrophobicity of nanoparticles as compared to the nonmodified ones, leading to enhancement of dispersion and interaction of modified nanoparticles in resin matrix, resulting in the improvement of properties of the nanocomposites
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