Modification of Manila Grass Activated Carbon for Reactive Dye Adsorption from Textile Printing Wastewater

Abstract

The aim of this research is to focus on the activated carbon modification for the elimination of Novacron Brilliant Red EC-3GL which is a reactive red dye onto Manila Grass carbonaceous as an adsorbent with chemical activation. The Manila grass waste from the football field was obtained to carbonize at 400 °C. Three-types of chemicals, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were used to soak for 1 h before pyrolysis at 700 °C for 2 h. The analysis of activated carbon properties and effects of dye adsorption, such as pH of the feed solution, time to adsorb, the amount of adsorbent, concentration and temperature were studied. Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm were applied to consider the adsorption mechanism. From the analysis, activated carbon with sodium chloride activation was a high surface area of 148.6 m2/g and a low porosity of 25.72 °A. From the experiments were found that pH for adsorption of 2, absorption time 90 minutes, concentrations used in the adsorption of 50 ppm and the adsorption temperature 30 °C were optimum for dye adsorption. The NBR adsorption percentages from aqueous solution and textile printing wastewater were 77.87 and 85.52, respectively. The adsorption mechanisms of activated carbon were consistent with Langmuir isotherm for an aqueous solution and Freundlich for textile printing wastewater.