Abstract
AbstractModern electrolysis processes for the hydrogen technology. This survey discusses all processes of water electrolysis after having emphasized the central role, which hydrogen plays in chemical technology and which it might play in a hydrogen economy, with the aid of some historical considerations and applications in hydrogen energy systems. In order to understand the development potential of the processes, the physico‐chemical fundamentals as well as the problems of the engineering of water electrolysis are summarized in a structural form. Not only are the purely electrochemical processes reviewed by a classifying systematic, but also all other (indirect) processes, which include an electrochemical step. The following direct processes are discribed: conventional and advanced alkaline water electrolysis, medium temperature cells, acid water electrolysis, membrane water electrolysis, water vapor electrolysis with proton conductive solid electrolyte and high temperature water electrolysis as well as the indirect processes: electrochemical raw material gasification, thermochemical‐electrochemical hybrid processes, photochemical‐electrochemical hybrid processes, and the photoelectrochemical cleavage of water.
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