Modern Wound Dressings: Hydrogel Dressings.

Valentin Brumberg,Tatiana Malivanova,Alexander Samoilov,Tatiana Astrelina

doi:10.3390/biomedicines9091235

Valentin Brumberg, Tatiana Malivanova + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091235

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Journal: Biomedicines	Publication Date: Sep 16, 2021
Citations: 150	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Federal Medical-Biological Agency

Abstract

Chronic wounds do not progress through the wound healing process in a timely manner and are considered a burden for healthcare system; they are also the most common reason for decrease in patient quality of life. Traditional wound dressings e.g., bandages and gauzes, although highly absorbent and effective for dry to mild, exudating wounds, require regular application, which therefore can cause pain upon dressing change. In addition, they have poor adhesional properties and cannot provide enough drainage for the wound. In this regard, the normalization of the healing process in chronic wounds is an extremely urgent task of public health and requires the creation and implementation of affordable dressings for patients with chronic wounds. Modern wound dressings (WDs) are aimed to solve these issues. At the same time, hydrogels, unlike other types of modern WDs (foam, films, hydrocolloids), have positive degradation properties that makes them the perfect choice in applications where a targeted delivery of bioactive substances to the wound is required. This mini review is focused on different types of traditional and modern WDs with an emphasis on hydrogels. Advantages and disadvantages of traditional and modern WDs as well as their applicability to different chronic wounds are elucidated. Furthermore, an effectiveness comparison between hydrogel WDs and the some of the frequently used biotechnologies in the field of regenerative medicine (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), mesenchymal stem cells, conditioned media, platelet-rich plasma (PRP)) is provided.

Highlights

Impairment of a normal wound healing process and chronic hard-to-heal wound formation are the most common reasons for the decrease in patients’ quality of life for their disability., An estimated abundance of chronic wounds with mixed etiology is 1–2% in general population, that is compatible with abundance or cardiovascular system diseases [1,2].Acute wounds could be repaired by a normal wound healing process for two or three months, depending on the size and depth of the damaged skin tissue [3]
Besides the discoloration rating reduction was statistically significant between those two groups (ADMSCs – spheroids in hydrogels, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) suspension in hydrogel) and groups received ADMSCs or hydrogel separately [62].In another study conducted by M.Yang et al (2020) [62] the effectiveness of hydrogels chitosan/collagen/β-glycerolphospate, alone and in combination with placental MSCs spheroids and placental MSCs in suspension, was compared in db/db mice
Hydrogels are a promising type of dressing materials due to their porous structure, biodegradability, ability for growth factor incorporation, and controlled release

Summary

Introduction

Impairment of a normal wound healing process and chronic hard-to-heal wound formation are the most common reasons for the decrease in patients’ quality of life for their disability., An estimated abundance of chronic wounds with mixed etiology is 1–2% in general population, that is compatible with abundance or cardiovascular system diseases [1,2]. Interactive dressings include semi-permeable films and foams, advanced interactive dressings are presented by hydrocolloids and hydrogels, while tissue-engineered skin equivalents belong to bioactive WDs [19,20]. The principle of action of hydrocolloids is based on the formation of a gel phase upon contact with the wound surface, which helps to moisturize the wound and protect the granulation tissue due to the absorption of exudate by the dressing material. Examples: alginate, chitosane, collagen, hyaluronic acid hydrogels or fibrous dressings able to form a gel under a contact with wound surface With regard to cultured skin substitutes, their procurement is expensive and time-consuming, after cell isolation and expansion, the time required for culture and maturation of cultured cell substitutes is 45 days [56]

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