Abstract
Within recent years there has been quite a decided change in the design of the large modernpumping stations. This has been brought about by the increasing use of higher steam pressures and temperatures and the rapid development of the steam turbine and centrifugal pump. The present day tendencies of pumping station design are along the lines of the central electric power station. The rapidity with which improvements have been developed in the central power station has been almost phenomenal. In 1914 the average fuel consumption of several of the largest typical central power stations was 1.5 pounds of 14,000 B.t.u. coal per kilowatt hour of station sendout; today there are two of the larger stations producing electric current with 0.9 pound of coal of equivalent heat units per kilowatt hour of net station sendout. This represents a saving in fuel of 37 per cent over a twelve-year period. The various factors contributing to this saving and their relative values are about as follows:
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