Modern lighting systems for livestock enterprises

Abstract

The constant rise in electricity prices, at least 10% each year, makes livestock growers pay a lot of attention to finding ways to reduce their costs. Between different types of lighting, including in the field of agriculture, the leader in developed countries is LED. The main advantage of LED technology is energy efficiency. Properly selected intensity and duration of illumination have a very positive effect on health, fertility, well-being and productivity of dairy cattle and poultry. The 16-hour illumination regime at a level of 150–200 lux followed by 8-hour darkness leads to an increase in milk yield by 15%, increased fertility, reduced intervals between calving and early diagnosis of animal diseases. We recommend to keep at least 150 lux for 16–18 hours, and then 8–6 hours of darkness for quality pig development. The farrowing room requires 16 hours of light followed by an 8-hour period of darkness. The minimum level of illumination for horses is 150–200 lux. This level of illumination coupled with the 16-hour lighting regime and the subsequent 8-hour darkness gives positive results in reproduction, making a significant impact on hormonal levels and fertility of horses. The traditional incandescent lamps, while performing their lighting functions, lose thermal energy production to 95% of electricity, and only 5% turns into useful light energy. When operating LED bulbs 40–50% of electric energy is converted into light energy. Thus, the efficiency of LED lamps is 5–10 times higher than that of incandescent lamps. The biggest drawback of LED bulbs is their value, but the use of LED devices can save up to 70% of electricity. Energy-saving lamps save up to 80% of energy, sometimes even more. Obviously this becomes, if you translate interest in hryvnia. At a considerable cost of fluorescent lamps (LEDs) and LEDs during their work (from 6-12 thousand h and up to 50 thousand h.) It is possible to save 165–1314 UAH. And this is on one lamp. The main difference is the price for the lamps themselves. LL costs about 25 UAH, and LED – 80–250 UAH. The fairly high cost is compensated for a long time. Lamps can serve from 4 years (L) to 12 years (LED lamps). In animal husbandry, as in one of the most energy intensive industries, the use of LED systems is most relevant, since it allows you to reduce the cost of production.