Abstract
The paper provides an overview of modern technical solutions of automatic transmissions in automotive industry with their influence on sustainable development. The objective of the first section is a structural view of specific constructions and control systems of presently used automatic transmissions, with emphasis on mechatronics implementation. The second section is based on perspectives of development, by integrating some branches of soft computing, such as fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks in order to create an optimal control algorithm for obtaining a contribution to fuel economy, exhaust emission, comfort and vehicle performance.
Highlights
Almost all automobiles in use today are driven by internal combustion engines, which are characterized by many advantages, such as relatively good efficiency, relatively compact energy storage and high power – to – weight ratio [07].But, fundamental disadvantages are: Incapability to produce torque from rest and relatively low torque at small engine rpm ; an internal combustion engine only produces maximum power at a certain engine speed; fuel consumption is strongly dependent on the operating point in the engine’s performance map; It is not hard to conclude that speed characteristic of internal combustion engine is not the most appropriate for the vehicle movement with a high efficiency
It is important to notice a positive grade in automatic transmission usage in Sports segment in the last few years and the reasons for that are decreasing of gear shifting time and better utilization of engine performance
All four concepts are widely used today, but in different share according to the market demands.The most used are Hydrodynamic mechanical transmission (HMT) because of the long history of usage and development
Summary
Almost all automobiles in use today are driven by internal combustion engines, which are characterized by many advantages, such as relatively good efficiency, relatively compact energy storage and high power – to – weight ratio [07]. Fuel consumption is strongly dependent on the operating point in the engine’s performance map; It is not hard to conclude that speed characteristic of internal combustion engine is not the most appropriate for the vehicle movement with a high efficiency. To decrease power losses and to be as closely as possible to the ideal traction hyperbola, the gearbox with enough gear ratios is needed. Gear changing automatization has crucial impact on traffic safety, because driver gets much less tired than with manual transmission, where is demanded constant changing of gear ratio according to the road conditions and traffic situations. This is especially important for city driving. It is important to notice a positive grade in automatic transmission usage in Sports segment in the last few years and the reasons for that are decreasing of gear shifting time (especially with DCT transmissions) and better utilization of engine performance
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