Modern approaches to the diagnosis of vestibulopathy in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media

Abstract

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), according to statistics, is one of the most common diseases in otorhinolaryngological practice, accounting for, on average, from 5.8 to 20.7% of all ENT pathology. The incidence of CSOM in the Republic of Uzbekistan is up to 6.5%. The pathological process in CSOM leads to the destruction of the bone structures of the middle ear and progressive hearing loss, and in some cases - to an increase in vestibular symptoms. Purpose of the study: vestibular disorders in chronic purulent otitis media using modern diagnostic methods. Materials and methods: In order to study the features of cochleovestibular disorders in CSOM, in the Department of Congenital and Acquired ENT Diseases at the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan were examined 13 patients with CSOM with labial complications . All patients underwent a set of standard examinations: ENT examination, otoscopy with video recording, stato coordination tests, complex vestibulometry using modern computer video nystagmography, a set of audiometric tests, computed tomography of the temporal bones. Results: 38.4% of patients complained of dizziness, but when using the method of active survey complaints of dizziness were detected in 61.5% of cases. The analysis of the results of stato-coordination tests in 30.7% of patients revealed a deviation towards the affected ear, in 61.5% of cases - spontaneous nystagmus. Conclusions: the results allow us to conclude that the main complaint of patients with CSOM are of hearing loss (100%), discharge from the ear cavity (100%), complaints of vestibular manifestations were present in 30 to 55% of subjects. Detection of mixed deafness in 53.8% of patients during audiological examination indicates involvement in the process of the inner ear, hence all patients with CSOM, regardless of the duration and stage of the inflammatory process, should conduct a comprehensive vestibulometric examination to determine vestibular status, the degree of involvement of inner ear structures , prognosis, choice of treatment tactics and prevention of complications.