Models of Instructional Supervision That Instructional Supervisors Can Use To Promote Effective Teaching and High Pupil Achievement

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In order for supervisors to be successful in their role of promoting instructional effectiveness and thereby increasing student achievement, supervisory models are needed. The models of supervision reviewed in this paper include scientific supervision, clinical supervision, self-assessment supervision, developmental supervision, and collaborative or co-operative or collegial supervision. Supervision styles that emanate from these models that will be reviewed are the autocratic, consultative, participatory, democratic, directive and non-directive supervisory styles. The importance of bringing as many of these models and styles to the fore is for the supervisor to pick the best model for a particular situation or to combine a number of the models in order to produce the best results.