Abstract
This chapter discusses models of flow and pressure modulated iso-osmotic reabsorption in mammalian proximal tubules. Two phenomena are thought to underlie glomerulotubular balance: (1) cotransport of Na + across apical cell membranes and (2) adjustments of interstitial hydrostatic pressure secondary to changes in hydrostatic or colloid osmotic pressure in peritubular capillaries. This chapter presents the derivation of model of the tight junction–intercellular channel–basement membrane pathway. The chapter further discusses the behavior of the system as interstitial hydrostatic pressure varies. The results of a study presented in the chapter suggest that pressure modulation of iso-osmotic reabsorption is an effective mechanism for controlling proximal tubule reabsorption. When a change in glomerular filtration rate changes filtration fraction, this mechanism becomes effective for achieving glomerulotubular balance. When the filtration rate changes without affecting peritubular capillary variables, cotransport-dependent phenomena are not likely to provide much adaptability.
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