Abstract

Este artículo analiza la financiarización de las pensiones en cuatro estados de bienestar europeos: el Reino Unido, Alemania, los Países Bajos y Suecia. En estos estados de bienestar, los mercados y actores financieros se han vuelto cada vez más importantes en la provisión de las pensiones. La financiarización de las pensiones es un fenómeno varia-do, que implica cambios en el mecanismo de financiación, el diseño del plan, la gestión financiera y la centralidad de las pensiones de capitalización en la economía política. Las configuraciones nacionales específicas de estas dimensio-nes han creado patrones distintos de financiarización en los cuatro casos. Sostengo que cada patrón es el resultado de puntos de conflicto específicos para la reforma de dichas políticas, que han surgido del contexto institucional del sis-tema nacional de pensiones. La localización de estos ele-mentos de referencia institucionales ayuda a identificar me-canismos comunes de financiarización en todos los casos, que se caracterizan por una variedad empírica.

Highlights

  • Research on financialization has grown exponentially since the Great Financial Crisis of 2008

  • Average investment returns on premium pension savings have suffered in the wake of the Great Financial Crisis, the impact has been limited to the small portion of contributions flowing into the premium pension system (Sundén 2009)

  • I have conceptualized pension financialization in a limiting manner by identifying four dimensions associated with the growing role of financial markets and actors in pension provision

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Summary

Introduction

Research on financialization has grown exponentially since the Great Financial Crisis of 2008. Scholars have observed a shift in pension asset allocations since the 1980s from fixed-income assets (government or corporate bonds) towards corporate shares (McCarthy et al 2016), and towards alternative investments such as hedge funds or private equity funds in the past decade (Bonizzi and Churchill 2017) This shift has been the outcome of a search for return amidst the high inflation environment of the 1980s or the booming stock markets of the 1990s, and a function of the growing importance of financial economic principles in asset management practices. Liberal market economies, such as the United Kingdom, are characterized by strong institutional complementarities between the welfare state and the financial system (Hall and Soskice 2001:18) In these countries, funded pension schemes do provide asset-based welfare, and serve as an important investor base for highly developed financial markets (Trampusch, 2018).

4: Pension fund capitalism
Findings
Discussion and conclusion
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