Abstract
During dry weather periods of the year with long rainless intervals, streams slacken to what is generally termed “low flow”. This work presents an analysis of the influence of hydrogeology on low flows, using multiple linear regression, in natural medium and small streams in hilly and mountainous regions of Serbia. The study cases encompass 61 gauged catchments south of the rivers Sava and Danube. Characteristic relevant minimum mean 30-day flows of 80- or 95-percentile exceedence (Q 80%, Q 95%) are taken as dependent variables. Independent variables are the observable hydrogeological quantities: catchment area upstream of a gauging station; surface area of a hydrogeological soil category in a catchment; number of perennial springs of minimum flow higher than or equal to 1 L/s in a gauged catchment; number of perennial springs, each of minimum flow higher than or equal to 1 L/s, in a given hydrogeological soil category of the catchment; cumulative perennial spring flow of minimum single flow higher than or equal to 1 L/s in a catchment; and cumulative perennial spring flow of minimum single flow higher than or equal to 1 L/s in a hydrogeological soil category of a catchment. Through multiple linear regression between the characteristic relevant low flow and the hydrogeological elements, 16 models are developed and analysed, each based on a different combination of hydrogeological elements and characteristic low flow. The regional relationships developed for the minimum mean 30-day flows of 80- and 95-percentile exceedences are evaluated. The statistical tests of the representation quality of each multiple regression relationship show that the models justify the use of hydrogeological elements.
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