Abstract
Statistical modelling was employed to analyze the effect of sorbate-sorbent interphase on the adsorption of pesticides and herbicides from aqueous media. The dataset used for this study was sourced from relevant and reputable published papers in the past five years. Sixty-six lines of data were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM) and historical data design (HDD) on Design expert. Five parameters were considered in the study: adsorbate’s relative molecular mass (RMM), adsorbent specific surface area (SBET), adsorbent effective surface area eSBET (i.e., the portion of the SBET occupied by the sorbate molecules), the water solubility of adsorbate, and adsorbate preferential adsorption (i.e., the ratio of the amount of sorbate on the sorbent to the amount in solution). From the analysis of variance, it was observed that the SBET of the adsorbent was the most significant determining for the adsorption capacity, q (at a significance level of p <0.05). Other significant factors were the RMM, eSBET, and the preferential adsorption. Generally, solubility did not show any significant influence on the q. The response surface model had an R2 value of 0.9945 and an adjusted R2 value of 0.9927. Conclusively, the q of an adsorbent towards an herbicide or a pesticide increases with increasing eSBET and SBET, irrespective of the sorbate’s solubility and molecular mass.
Highlights
Pesticides and herbicides (P & H) are substances used for the control of pests and herbs, respectively [1]
(SBET), a derived effective surface area, the water solubility of adsorbate, and adsorbate preferential adsorption, and estimated preferential adsorption
Response surface methodology and historical data design were successfully used to investigate the effect of sorbate-sorbent interphase on the adsorption of pesticides and herbicides from aqueous media
Summary
Pesticides and herbicides (P & H) are substances (or mixtures of various substances) used for the control of pests and herbs, respectively [1]. Within the scope of the authors’ exhaustive search, so far, no study has investigated a historical dataset towards evaluating the effect of sorbate-sorbent interphase on the adsorption of P & H. Thence, response surface methodology and historical data design was utilized to investigate the effect of sorbate-sorbent interphase on the adsorption of P & H from aqueous media. Since most studies reviewed here only reported the SBET without providing (any, adequate, or quantitated) information on the chemical functionalities on the sorbents, the derivation of eSBET came to the fore to inform on the relevance of the active sites on the surface to the q value. The key index for evaluating the extent of sorbate-sorbent interphase is the mass adsorption capacity (q, mg/g) of the adsorbent for the specific pesticides or herbicides
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