Modelling the Distribution of Dendrocygna javanica in North Sumatera, Indonesia using Maximum Entropy Approach

Abstract

Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield, 1821) is a species of bird that lives in the South, Southeast and South Asian regions, especially on the islands of Kalimantan, Java and Sumatra, Indonesia. D. javanica is a member of the genus Dendrocygna and the Anatidae family with a unique characteristic-making a continuous sound when flying and therefore often called the Lesser Whistling Teal. This study aims to predict the distribution model of D. javanica in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study area ranges from the districts of Central Tapanuli, Mandailing Natal, Medan, Langkat, Deli Serdang, Tebing Tinggi, Tanjung Balai, Asahan, and Siantar. A total of 35 points obtained from the study area were analyzed using the Maximum Entropy 3.4.0 application. The environmental variables used in this analysis are global elevation, global land, solar radiation, bioclims, global aspects, precipitation, temperature, water vapor pressure, and wind speed. The Jacknife test is used to evaluate important variables for predicting the distribution model. The resulting MaxEnt model has high accuracy with a significant AUC value of 0. 968. The distribution model approach using MaxEnt can promise the potential distribution of D. javanica in North Sumatra so that it can be used as an effective tool in planning bird conservation.