Abstract
A method for the measurement of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficientd33 of single ceramic fibreswith diameters 100–500 µm was recently developed. The voltage was applied using annular electrodes and the resultingdisplacement was measured by a capacitive method. In this paper, a number of calculationsregarding the field distribution and the resulting piezoelectric displacement are presented for atypical lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic. Provided that the fibres are ideally poled inthe longitudinal direction, they can be modelled using the finite element method takinginto account linear constitutive equations. The deviation of the measured and the actuald33 was modelled for a broad range of heights and diameters of the fibres anddifferent electrode dimensions. The electric field distribution was analysed fortypical examples and the influence of the mechanical stress on the measuredd33 wasstudied. For sufficiently long and thin fibres the field distribution of the electric field is quite uniform andthe d33 canbe measured with high accuracy. Moreover, it was shown that for such fibres the measured piezoelectriccoefficient d33 is determined by no other material parameter of the ceramics. The found trends ofpreferable geometries for the measurement can apparently be transferred to otherpiezoceramics.
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