Abstract
An existing finite element (FE) model of structural concrete is extended so as to also allow for crack closure in localized regions of a structure. The model is used to study the behaviour of structural concrete members under various types of loading, encompassing both proportional and sequential loadings. The analysis is found to yield a close fit to experimental values, and to confirm the view that, while neglecting crack closure has a negligible effect on the predicted behaviour of structural concrete under proportional loading, sequential loading usually requires a proper allowance of crack closure if sensible analytical predictions are to be achieved. Moreover, the results support experimental findings which indicate that compliance with the earthquake-resistant design clauses of the Greek version of the new European code of practice may, in fact, cause, rather than safeguard against, brittle types of failure.
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