Abstract
The current research is focused on the design and development of auxetic woven structures. Finite element analysis based on computational modeling and prediction of axial strain as well as Poisson’s ratio was carried out. Further, an analytical model was used to calculate the same parameters by a foldable zig-zag geometry. In the analytical model, Poisson’s ratio is based on the crimp percentage, bending modulus, yarn spacing, and coefficient of friction. In this yarn, properties and fabric parameters were also considered. Experimental samples were evaluated for the actual performance of the defined auxetic material. Auxetic fabric was developed with foldable strips created in a zig-zag way in the vertical (warp) direction. It is based on the principle that when the fabric is stretched, the unfolding of the folds takes place, leading to an increase in transverse dimensions. Both the analytical and computational models gave close predictions to the experimental results. The fabric with foldable strips created in a zig-zag way in the vertical (warp) direction produced negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR), up to 8.7% of axial strain, and a maximum Poisson’s ratio of −0.41 produced at an axial strain of around 1%. The error percentage in the analytical model was 37.14% for the experimental results. The computational results also predict the Poisson’s ratio with an error percentage of 22.26%. Such predictions are useful for estimating the performance of auxetic woven structures in composite reinforcement. The auxetic structure exhibits remarkable stress-strain behavior in the longitudinal as well as transverse directions. This performance is useful for energy absorption in composite reinforcement.
Highlights
Auxetic structures belong to a class of extraordinary materials that become thicker in the perpendicular direction when it is stretched longitudinally
Zero Auxeticity describes the state when the material is stretched in the longitudinal direction and there is no change in the transverse direction, that is, neither contraction nor expansion
Auxetic material exhibits a wide range of properties like resistance to shear, fracture, indentation, acoustic absorption, impact energy absorption, etc. which makes it suitable for various applications like protective clothing equipment, automobiles [16], acoustic theatres [24,25], composites [26,27,28], etc
Summary
Auxetic structures belong to a class of extraordinary materials that become thicker in the perpendicular direction when it is stretched longitudinally. In other words, these materials exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) and show perceptible improvement over conventional materials in toughness, resilience, shear resistance, and acoustic properties mainly due to their special structure and associated deformation mechanics [1,2,3,4,5]. The benefit of using conventional yarns for making the auxetic fabric is that they have high structural stability than auxetic fiber When they have stretched, the tendency to recover to their original structure is low due to the interlacement of warp and weft yarns. Their fabrication and usage as yarn to produce fabric are challenging
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