Abstract
In this study, the net radiation was estimated using a simple straightforward expression proposed by different researchers, which is based on the principle of the Fourier Series Technique. The estimation of net radiation of Iwo ( ) from the data collected from the archive of HelioClim satellite MERRA- 2 (i.e. global solar radiation and air temperature) was done on the real and imaginary measurements. The result of both real and imaginary radiation at maximum revealed ( ) and minimum at about ( ), while solar radiation and temperature revealed about ( ) and 299K maximum and minimum ( ) and 297.7K, respectively. Statistically, the result indicated that the regression coefficient of 3.959 with t- statistics of 3.34 and p < 0.05 indicates that for every 1K increase in air temperature, solar radiation will increase by 3.959, which shows that both solar radiation and temperature have a significant effect on net radiation. Therefore, the researchers concluded that Iwo had maximum real net radiation in February with months such as January, March, July, August, October and December as minimum radiation while imaginary radiation had its maximum and minimum in September and August respectively.
Highlights
IntroductionThe estimated net radiation (radiative energy fluxes) at the surface of the earth is an essential parameter for the analyses of the atmospheric interaction and soil vegetation in the field of meteorology, agronomy, soil science, environmental science, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, agricultural engineering, etc
The estimated net radiation at the surface of the earth is an essential parameter for the analyses of the atmospheric interaction and soil vegetation in the field of meteorology, agronomy, soil science, environmental science, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, agricultural engineering, etc
The data downloaded from the archive of Helio Cli m website MERRA-2 re-analysis Galaro et al [36] conducted on solar radiation and air temperature, shows that the net radiation (Wm −2day−1) and air Temperature (K) against months as seen in Figure 2A, revealed negative values which indicate that the course of air temperature leads above that of the net radiation which is different from what was reported by Jegede [2], where air temperature lags behind net radiation
Summary
The estimated net radiation (radiative energy fluxes) at the surface of the earth is an essential parameter for the analyses of the atmospheric interaction and soil vegetation in the field of meteorology, agronomy, soil science, environmental science, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, agricultural engineering, etc. Goutourbe et al [21] stated that only a few data are available for the West Africa region which has been collected from major field experiments such as the HAPEX-Sahel and by other independent studies [22,23,24] For this case, net radiation data are not available, and this gives room for the use of satellite data by modellin g air temperature and some other constants. As proposed by Holtslag and van Ulden [25] the incoming solar radiation is estimated as a linear function of the sine of the solar elevation angle with its empirical coefficient relating to turbidity and cloud cover [26, 27] This method of linear function was applied in this paper to estimate net radiation using solar radiation and air temperature data. Δ is the declination angle in degrees, dn is the day number of the year, 1 on 1 January and 365 on 31 December; February is counted as having 28 days
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