Abstract
Modelling and simulation of solidification processes and solid-state phase transformation have become key instruments in the field of alloy development and heat treatment optimization. Apart from equilibrium-controlled processes, also diffusion-based effects need to be considered. This contribution presents some typical approaches at the example of martensitic stainless steels. Important aspects affecting the production and properties of these steels, such as alloying limits with nitrogen, the formation of ledeburitic structures, or the retained austenite content after heat treatment, can be predicted with reasonable accuracy.
Highlights
Martensitic stainless steels are an important group of steels with a wide field of applications ranging from mechanical components, knifes, and medical instruments to moulds for plastic processing and corrosion resistant bearings
Modelling of microstructural changes is an important tool for the design and heat treatment of these steels and for understanding certain phenomena taking place
The chemical compositions cover a wide range of martensitic stainless steels (13–18% Cr, 0.2–1% C up to 2% Mo, up to 0.4% N) and provide of sound base to assess different aspects of this steel group
Summary
Martensitic stainless steels are an important group of steels with a wide field of applications ranging from mechanical components, knifes, and medical instruments to moulds for plastic processing and corrosion resistant bearings. Modelling of microstructural changes is an important tool for the design and heat treatment of these steels and for understanding certain phenomena taking place. For the verification of the simulation results as well as for the determination of factors for the empirical formulas used in the models, six different alloys with the chemical composition shown in Table 1 were used. These steels can be classified into three sub-groups: 1. The chemical compositions cover a wide range of martensitic stainless steels (13–18% Cr, 0.2–1% C up to 2% Mo, up to 0.4% N) and provide of sound base to assess different aspects of this steel group. More detailed information can be found in [8]
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