Modeling the Runoff Reduction Effect of Low Impact Development Installations in an Industrial Area, South Korea

Jungho Kim,Yangho Song,Jingul Joo,Jungho Lee,Heechan Han

doi:10.3390/w10080967

Abstract

Low-impact development (LID) methods are an important approach to storm-water mitigation. Modeling the effects of these installations using rainfall-runoff simulations can provide useful data for future design and implementation. In this study, we used the Storm Water Management Model to assess seven types of LID installations (vegetated areas, garden pots, tree filter boxes, permeable pavement, infiltration ditches, rain barrels, and infiltration blocks) at a South Korean industrial site. Using both short- and long-term simulation periods and distinct sub-basins within the study site, we were able to assess LID performance at the combined watershed, as well as at one LID facility. All LID types showed reasonable performance for storm-water runoff reduction, though rain barrels were the least effective. The effect of rainfall runoff reduction on LID facilities is changed according to rainfall depth (annual precipitation, monthly rainfall), the ratio of drainage area and facility capacity. We concluded that SWMM-LID modeling can effectively support the management of LID installations by providing additional design and planning data to better mitigate the effects of storm-water runoff.

Highlights

The development of industry and transportation in urban areas has led to a rapid increase in urban population density and associated changes in land cover characteristics [1,2,3]
We used the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM)-LID model to analyze the effects of low-impact development (LID) on storm-water runoff reduction in a South Korean urban industrial area
A short-term simulation of runoff reduction for the seven types of LID installations produced an average reduction rate of 76.6%, demonstrating the effectiveness of LID installations

Summary

Introduction

The development of industry and transportation in urban areas has led to a rapid increase in urban population density and associated changes in land cover characteristics [1,2,3]. Urbanization affects hydrologic processes, drainage capacity, and flooding in urban areas by increasing the total runoff volume and peak discharge of storm events [4]. Understanding the impact of urbanization on hydrologic processes is essential to reducing flood damage. The practice of low-impact development (LID) effectively reduces storm-water and pollutant loads by improving surface and subsurface water circulation and/or retention [5,6,7]. This engineering technique produces facilities that are designed to be more environmentally friendly [8,9,10,11,12]. As LID designs can have long-term effects with minimal management after installation, they are especially appropriate for use in urban areas

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion