Abstract
Various studies have confirmed the significance increase in weight between baselines and follow up after commencement of antipsychotic drugs. Both Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs (AAD) and Typical Antipsychotic Drugs (TAD) have shown the tendency of inducing increase in the fat content of the body. However the modeling of the exact size of the weight increase beyond probable interval estimate is a necessity for clearer understanding; that will foster easy control of weight gain in psychiatric patient. This study thus established the claim from previous studies and presents the odds of AAD inducing weight gain relative to TAD. The study used a composite trinomial and bernoulli distribution to describe the interest variables (IV’s) body mass index (BMI) and the drug type. The composite function parameters and its standard errors were obtained using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method and fisher approach respectively. The study further used the continuation ratio model to determine the exact weight gain proportion due to AAD relative to TAD. The study was carried out at the Out-patient clinic of the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Aro, Abeokuta Nigeria, within a period of six weeks between baseline and follow up. A total of two hundred and seventy patients participated in the study after their consent and willingness were obtained. The difficulty to control the food intake of the patient at home is a limitation to the study. Patients that have had reasons to switch were excluded from the study. A graphical representation was used to explain the exact behavioural pattern of the weight gain and its relative effect due to AAD and TAD drugs. The study thus recommends a thorough follow up of healthy eating of food rich in fibers, fruits and vegetables along with indoor or outdoor physical exercises for psychiatric patients mostly on AAD to prevent future cardiovascular related diseases.
Highlights
Antipsychotic medication is a psychiatric medication primarily used to manage psychosis, in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Green et al (2000) observed that Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs (AAD) induced weight gain is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and reduced quality of life while this weight gain may interfere with compliance of the drugs, which may predispose patient to relapse (Agboola et al, 2018)
The study reveals that both Typical Antipsychotic Drugs (TAD) and AAD has the tendency of increasing
Summary
Antipsychotic medication (or neuroleptic) is a psychiatric medication primarily used to manage psychosis, in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This study considered the graphical behaviour of weight gain due to AADs and TADs along with its odds to suggest a proper nutritional control of weight gain and thereby controlling the effect of induced weight gain by the antipsychotic drugs. This will prevent patients suffering from cardiovascular related illnesses. The BMIs were again recorded and grouped the patients appropriately Some have their drugs changed during the course of the research due to some unbearable side effect(s) and/or lack of improvement and those ones were excluded from the study. Recruitment BMI as well as BMIs of two follow up visits were recorded and its average obtained for the final data analysis
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