Abstract
Abstract Considering the thermodynamical fluid mechanics in the gain medium and laser kinetic processes, a three-dimensional theoretical model of an exciplex-pumped Cs vapor laser with longitudinal and transverse gas flow is established. The slope efficiency of laser calculated by the model shows good agreement with the experimental data. The comprehensive three-dimensional distribution of temperature and particle density of Cs is depicted. The influence of pump intensity, wall temperature, and fluid velocity on the laser output performance is also simulated and analyzed in detail, suggesting that a higher wall temperature can guarantee a higher output laser power while causing a more significant heat accumulation in the cell. Compared with longitudinal gas flow, the transverse flow can improve the output laser power by effectively removing the generated heat accumulation and alleviating the temperature gradient in the cell.
Highlights
Since the first realization of Ti:sapphire pumped Rb vapor laser operating on the resonance at 795 nm by Krupke et al in 2003[1], diode-pumped alkali vapor laser (DPAL) has become a research focus in the high-power laser field owing to its good beam quality with high output power and efficient energy conversion with excellent thermal management[2,3,4,5,6,7]
Though the longitudinal gas flow can effectively reduce the temperature overall, it creates a new temperature gradient in the z-axis direction, whereas the transverse flow avoids this problem by moving the majority of heat away from the optical axis
A higher wall temperature means a higher flow velocity is required to reach the saturation value of the laser output, which is shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b): with wall temperature higher than 503 K, longitudinal gas flow of quasi-sonic level and transverse gas flow greater than 50 m/s may be required to alleviate the thermal effect in the cell, maximizing the laser output
Summary
Since the first realization of Ti:sapphire pumped Rb vapor laser operating on the resonance at 795 nm by Krupke et al in 2003[1], diode-pumped alkali vapor laser (DPAL) has become a research focus in the high-power laser field owing to its good beam quality with high output power and efficient energy conversion with excellent thermal management[2,3,4,5,6,7]. A new class of laser device, the exciplex-pumped alkali vapor laser (XPAL), was invented to resolve such a problem. The kinetic processes and lasing properties of XPAL significantly differ from DPAL as the intermedium energy states introduced by the buffer gas broaden. In this paper, combining rate equations, heat conduction equations, and fluid heat transfer equations, a threedimensional exciplex-pumped Cs vapor laser (XPCsL) model is established to study more effective methods. The effects of pump intensity, wall temperature, and direction and velocity of gas flow on laser output performance are simulated and analyzed, where the three-dimensional distributions of temperature and particle number density of Cs are presented in detail
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