Modeling of temperature field and profile of Ni60AA formed on cylindrical 316 stainless steel by laser cladding

Abstract

It is difficult to dynamically track and identify the evolution of the temperature and profile of the laser cladding, due to the characteristics of the molten pool, such as small volume, large temperature gradient and strong instantaneity. In this research, the profiles of the cladding tracks are calculated on the cylindrical substrates, respectively. The powder distribution and laser heat source energy distribution are considered in the laser cladding process with coaxial powder feeding. In addition, the mechanism of laser cladding is analyzed, including the process of powder feeding and thermal effect. At the same time, the factors of energy loss in the process of laser cladding are analyzed. Then, from the point of view of the balance between the gravitational potential energy and the interfacial free energy of the molten metal, the droplet forming method is improved to calculate the profiles of the cladding tracks on the cylindrical substrates. Then, the cellular automata method is used to establish the calculation model of the cladding track profile and temperature field according to the laser cladding process. Finally, the accuracy of the model is verified by experiments carried out on the plate and cylindrical substrates. The result shows that the temperature field and the profile of the cladded tracks simulated by the model provides a good fit to the experimental result, which confirms the feasibility of the model to predict the temperature field and the profile on the substrates with different shapes mentioned above. This investigation lays a foundation for the research of surface repair of complex parts, and provides a reference for the selection of process parameters in the actual processing.