Abstract
Over the last decades, the growing energy consumption of commercial and residential buildings has considerably increased the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. At EU level, the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has introduced the transformation of buildings into nearly zero energy buildings (nZEBs) that cover the majority of their low energy demand by on-site renewable energy sources. In this direction, the project PV-ESTIA “Enhancing storage integration in buildings with Photovoltaics” aims at developing and validating various optimal energy management strategies in buildings equipped with Photovoltaics (PV) and storage systems. One of the main requirements for the application of the developed strategies is the accurate computation of energy consumption, and particularly, of heating and cooling energy needs. In this paper, a simple and accurate model based on the “grey-box” concept is proposed for the computation of hourly thermal energy needs in different types of premises by using the standard ISO 52016-1:2017. The method's performance is evaluated by comparing the results with those of other simulation programs for ten European cities with climatic variations. It is concluded that the proposed model presents high accuracy on the computation of the operative temperature, since it considers the air temperature, as well as the temperatures and the areas of the internal surfaces. Finally, any deviations with the other simulation tools are due to differences in the internal air temperature, weather data, as well as the approaches of ventilation and shading effects.
Highlights
Nowadays, the reduction of energy consumption and the associated greenhouse gas emissions has obtained growing attention in every sector of the economy
This paper develops a simple and accurate method based on ISO 52016-01 for the computation of hourly heating and cooling energy needs in different types of buildings
In this paper, a new method based on ISO 52016-01:2017 is proposed for the calculation of hourly heating and cooling energy needs in different types of buildings
Summary
The reduction of energy consumption and the associated greenhouse gas emissions has obtained growing attention in every sector of the economy. The sectors of buildings and construction are substantial consumers of energy, since they comprise 36% of the global energy usage and 39% of the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions [1]. Concerning the global sectors of residential and commercial buildings, it has been calculated that they comprise 20% of the total energy consumption worldwide [2]. It is predicted that the global energy use of the residential sector will increase by around 2.1% per year, from 2012 to 2040 [2]. Energy consumption at the residential sector is expected to result in 50% rise from 1995 to 2050 taking into account the energy use of 1995 as reference. A set of strategies and policies shall be established for the residential properties with respect to the future decrease of the energy consumption
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