Abstract
The activated carbon fines, derived from rubber sludge, were effectively immobilized inside calcium alginate beads to remove Cr(VI) ions and methylene blue (MB) in a fixed bed reactor after characterization of beads (FTIR, FESEM-EDS, BET, and thermogravimetric analysis) and batch study. The Langmuir batch uptake capacity was 136.45 and 324.87 mg g−1 for Cr(VI) and MB, respectively, at 30 °C. Contrary to the usual interpretation, it was shown that fitting of PFO model to experimental batch kinetic data may result from diffusive mechanism. Conventional practice of comparison of Bohart-Adams, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson model being erroneous, these models were replaced by a generic function to explain breakthrough (BTC) curves. The equilibrium dispersive model (axial dispersion coefficient: 0.35 × 10−4 - 2.90 × 10−4 m2 min−1) predicted BTC for intermediate flow rates (5–15 mL min−1) and inlet concentrations (5–15 mg L−1) better than the one based on adsorption kinetics.
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