Modeling of a superconducting sensor with microring-embedded gold-island space–time control

Abstract

A superconducting sensing circuit using silicon microring-embedded gold-island space–time control is proposed for a low-current source sensor. Feeding an optical field centered at a wavelength of 1.50 µm into the circuit with suitable parameters results in the formation of a whispering-gallery mode. The electric field is the space source, being multiplexed in time to construct the space–time function. Space–time control is achieved using two side phase modulators to obtain a path difference between the polaritons (trapped electrons) at resonance. The space and time uncertainty saturate simultaneously due to the nonlinear Kerr effect. The polariton oscillation obeys a two-level system in which the oscillation time collapses at resonance. The oscillation signal is recognized as the Rabi oscillation, which enables the operation of the circuit under forward- or reverse-biased directional switching. The results of this work show that the current of the proposed circuit increases exponentially in both the forward- and reverse-bias directions. The switching time of the Rabi oscillation is 1.50 µs, while the current–voltage characteristic of the circuit exhibits sensitivity values ranging from 0.82 to 1.90 µA nV−1. This performance confirms that the microring circuit can be used as a superconducting sensing circuit for low-current sensor applications.