Abstract
This paper proposes a microelectric power grid that includes wind and fuel cell power generation units, as well as a water electrolyzer for producing hydrogen gas. The grid is loaded by an induction motor (IM) as a dynamic load and constant impedance load. An optimal control algorithm using the Mine Blast Algorithm (MBA) is designed to improve the performance of the proposed renewable energy system. Normally, wind power is adapted to feed the loads at normal circumstances. Nevertheless, the fuel cell compensates extra load power demand. An optimal controller is applied to regulate the load voltage and frequency of the main power inverter. Also, optimal vector control is applied to the IM speed control. The response of the microgrid with the proposed optimal control is obtained under step variation in wind speed, load impedance, IM rotor speed, and motor mechanical load torque. The simulation results indicate that the proposed renewable generation system supplies the system loads perfectly and keeps up the desired load demand. Furthermore, the IM speed performance is acceptable under turbulent wind speed.
Highlights
Modern industries, transportation means, and most mankind’s requirements mainly depend on electrical power
The wind turbine drives a 3-φ Induction Generator (IG) The output voltage of the IG is rectified via a diode rectifier producing the Direct Current (DC) bus voltage
Partial pressure of hydrogen, PO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen, PH2Oc is the partial pressure of gas water, Pstd is the standard pressure, Vdrop is the voltage losses, i is the output current density, in is the internal current density related to internal current losses, io is the exchange current density related to activation losses, iL is the limiting current density related to concentration losses, and α is the area specific resistance related to resistive losses
Summary
Transportation means, and most mankind’s requirements mainly depend on electrical power. In standalone renewable energy systems, the load is an individual house and not connected to a grid. The capacities of these systems are usually small. Hybrid power generation systems are introduced essentially to alleviate these disadvantages These systems contain two or more energy sources with a storage system. In microgrid generation resources can include wind, photovoltaic, fuel cells, energy storage, or other power generation sources [21]. This paper presents a novel hybrid wind/FC energy system It presents the system detailed dynamic model, the application of mine blast optimization, the controller design, the performance analyses, and the simulations of the developed system under the turbulent wind speed.
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