Optimal control of a hybrid renewable wind/ fuel cell energy in micro grid application

Abstract

This study presents an overview concept regarding generator suitability in wind power applications. Also, optimal control design and performance improvements of a micro electrical power grid based on mine blast algorithm (MBA) for static and dynamic loads are proposed. The proposed micro grid consists of wind generator, fuel cell as power suppliers, series resistive-inductive impedance as static load, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as dynamic load, DC-link and water electrolizer for producing hydrogen gas. This proposed micro grid is managed such that the wind generation unit will supply the loads, however any extra power needed by the loads will compensated by the fuel cell generation unit. Both permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and self-excited induction generator (SEIG) are considered as the wind generator. The wind generator output of each case are compared. Two optimal PI controllers for the outer loop and two hysteresis current controllers for the inner loop are applied for controlling the DC/AC converter, adjusting the AC load voltage at its reference value, and controlling the PMSM respectively. The obtained results indicated that the proposed hybrid wind/fuel cell generation unit is able to supply the loads and track the reference load demand power. Also, the results show that the SEIG can generate more power than the PMSG at the same conditions of the input mechanical wind power.