Abstract
In this paper, we propose a model to characterize Infrared (IR) signal reflections on any kind of surface material, together with a simplified procedure to compute the model parameters. The model works within the framework of Local Positioning Systems (LPS) based on IR signals (IR-LPS) to evaluate the behavior of transmitted signal Multipaths (MP), which are the main cause of error in IR-LPS, and makes several contributions to mitigation methods. Current methods are based on physics, optics, geometry and empirical methods, but these do not meet our requirements because of the need to apply several different restrictions and employ complex tools. We propose a simplified model based on only two reflection components, together with a method for determining the model parameters based on 12 empirical measurements that are easily performed in the real environment where the IR-LPS is being applied. Our experimental results show that the model provides a comprehensive solution to the real behavior of IR MP, yielding small errors when comparing real and modeled data (the mean error ranges from 1% to 4% depending on the environment surface materials). Other state-of-the-art methods yielded mean errors ranging from 15% to 40% in test measurements.
Highlights
In recent years, the applications and uses of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been successfully consolidated
In order to study the reflection of different materials and propose a model suitable for an IR-Local Positioning Systems (LPS), we will review the model based on the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)
We have presented a new model of the behavior of IR light reflections in indoor environments for different surface materials
Summary
The applications and uses of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been successfully consolidated. In outdoor environments, they can provide a location with an accuracy of a few meters and sometimes even centimeters if advanced techniques are employed, with unprecedented coverage compared to any other kind of positioning system. They can provide a location with an accuracy of a few meters and sometimes even centimeters if advanced techniques are employed, with unprecedented coverage compared to any other kind of positioning system This coverage is provided by a large constellation of dedicated satellites. The most important of these include the lack of accuracy in Local Positioning Systems (LPS) based on satellite signals, up to a few meters in the best case.
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