Modeling Human Body Using Four-Pole Debye Model in Piecewise Linear Recursive Convolution FDTD Method for the SAR Calculation in the Case of Vehicular Antenna

Ammar Guellab,Qun Wu

doi:10.1155/2018/2969237

Abstract

We propose an efficient finite difference time domain (FDTD) method based on the piecewise linear recursive convolution (PLRC) technique to evaluate the human body exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiation. The source of radiation considered in this study is a high-power antenna, mounted on a military vehicle, covering a broad band of frequency (100 MHz–3 GHz). The simulation is carried out using a nonhomogeneous human body model which takes into consideration most of the internal body tissues. The human tissues are modeled by a four-pole Debye model which is derived from experimental data by using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The human exposure to EM radiation is evaluated by computing the local and whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR) for each occupant. The higher in-tissue electric field intensity points are localized, and the SAR values are compared with the crew safety standard recommendations. The accuracy of the proposed PLRC-FDTD approach and the matching of the Debye model with the experimental data are verified in this study.

Highlights

Nowadays, the battlefield is making more use of the electromagnetic spectrum to satisfy diverse operational needs that range from high-rate tactical links to broadband jammers
IEEE Technical Committee 95 (IEEE-TC95) proposed a standard for military workplaces whose purpose is to provide exposure limits to assure the personnel safety in a military workplace and provide protection against unfavorable effects of the electromagnetic radiation on the human body [2]. This standard expresses its recommendations as dosimetry reference limits (DRLs) which can be expressed by the within-tissue electric field strength or the specific absorption rate (SAR)
This is explained by the accuracy order of each method, where piecewise linear recursive convolution (PLRC) and trapezoidal recursive (TRC) methods are of second-order accuracy, and the RC is of first order

Summary

Introduction

The battlefield is making more use of the electromagnetic spectrum to satisfy diverse operational needs that range from high-rate tactical links to broadband jammers. The previously cited works obtain a rigorous estimation for the SAR level induced by multiple sources They focus on isolated and narrow bands of frequency and use human body models that do not take into account the International Journal of Antennas and Propagation frequency dependency of electric characteristics of the human tissues. In [10], a general recursive convolution FDTD is applied for the simulation of the fourth-order Debye model We proposed an implementation of a three-dimension FDTD based on the piecewise linear recursive convolution (PLRC) technique for the simulation of the four-pole Debye model. We applied the developed PLRC-FDTD method for the study of the electromagnetic waves’ behavior in this case and to compute the human bodies’ exposure to those radiations through the evaluation of the specific absorption rate (SAR)

Formulations

Simulation Results

Conclusion