Abstract
In this chapter, mathematical model is developed for DC machines with excitation windings and DC machines with permanent magnet excitation. The block diagram of the model is used to provide a brief introduction to the torque control. Steady-state equivalent circuits are derived and explained for armature and excitation windings. These circuits are used to introduce and analyze mechanical characteristic of separately excited DC machine and determine the steady-state speed. The chapter provides basic elements for the control of the rotor speed. Steady-state operation of DC generators is explained along with basic output characteristics. Typical applications of DC machines are classified on the basis of the speed and torque changes within the four quadrants of T em –Ω m plane. On that ground, the basic requirements are specified for the power supply of the armature windings. The operation of switching power converter with H-bridge is briefly explained, along with the basic notions on pulse-width modulation (PWM). The impact of pulsed power supply on the machine operation is considered by studying the ripple of the armature current. The chapter closes with an overview of most common power converter topologies used in supplying DC machines.
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