Abstract
This study is aimed at revealing the dynamic response characteristics of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) during the mode transition process with the engine starting. In this paper, for a hybrid powertrain system whose engine is directly connected to a compound power-split transmission, the equivalent lever method is first used to analyze the mode transition process with the engine starting. Then, based on the theoretical formulations and lookup tables, a dynamic model of the compound power-split HEV is established in detail, taking into consideration the engine ripple torque, battery-motor characteristics, dynamic meshing force between gears, and shaft spring-damping characteristics. The powertrain dynamic model is verified by a bench test. Moreover, taking the vehicle jerk and engine starting time as the evaluation indexes of the dynamic response characteristics, the influencing factors of the dynamic response characteristics in the engine starting process are analyzed comprehensively from the aspects of the engine, battery-motor, and engine starting condition. Finally, the engine starting process is synthetically optimized based on the obtained impact law of different influencing factors. The simulation results show that the synthesis optimization method can effectively reduce vehicle jerks and the engine starting time and improve driving comfort during the engine starting process.
Highlights
Since a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) combines an internal combustion engine, electric drive system, and energy storage device, it has better fuel economy and lower emissions when choosing different working modes than traditional cars [1]–[5]
EVALUATION INDEXES OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS As the vehicle jerk is synchronous with human feeling and is not affected by the road bumps or driver operation, it can better reflect the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle [39]
The vehicle jerk, maximum absolute value of the vehicle jerk, and engine starting time will be used as the objective evaluation indexes of the dynamic response characteristics in the mode transition process with the engine starting in order to study the influencing factors of driving comfort and the corresponding dynamic coordinated control methods
Summary
Since a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) combines an internal combustion engine, electric drive system, and energy storage device, it has better fuel economy and lower emissions when choosing different working modes than traditional cars [1]–[5]. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Jianyong Yao. external characteristics, the output torque of the powertrain system may exhibit sudden changes or fluctuations [6]–[10]. External characteristics, the output torque of the powertrain system may exhibit sudden changes or fluctuations [6]–[10] Such transients will worsen driving comfort and reduce the service life of the powertrain system. It is necessary to investigate the influencing factors of the dynamic response characteristics to improve driving comfort during the mode transition process, especially when this involves the engine starting process. Some scholars have examined the dynamic response characteristics of the mode transition process for hybrid electric vehicles. Based on an established parallel HEV, Hong et al [13] found that the closing and opening process of the engine clutch
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