Abstract

Modern wind farm control (WFC) methods in the literature typically rely on a surrogate model of the farm dynamics that is computationally inexpensive to enable real-time computations. As it is very difficult to model all the relevant wind farm dynamics accurately, a closed-loop approach is a prerequisite for reliable WFC. As one of the few in its field, this paper showcases a closed-loop wind farm control solution, which leverages a steady-state surrogate model and Bayesian optimization to maximize the wind-farm-wide power production. The estimated quantities are the time-averaged ambient wind direction, wind speed and turbulence intensity. This solution is evaluated for a wind farm with nine 10 MW wind turbines in large-eddy simulation, showing a time-averaged power gain of 4.4%. This is the first WFC algorithm that is tested for wind turbines of such scale in high fidelity.

Highlights

  • As wind turbines extract energy from the wind, they shed a slower, more turbulent pocket of air behind them, called the “wake”

  • Modern wind farm control (WFC) methods in the literature typically rely on a surrogate model of the farm dynamics that is computationally inexpensive to enable realtime computations

  • The synthesized wind farm control solution in this work will be validated through high-fidelity simulation using the Simulator fOr Wind Farm Applications (SOWFA), a largeeddy simulation model for wind farms from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) [15], [16]

Read more

Summary

INTRODUCTION

As wind turbines extract energy from the wind, they shed a slower, more turbulent pocket of air behind them, called the “wake”. One solution proposed in the literature is by derating upstream turbines (purposely extracting less energy than possible) to reduce wake formation downstream This methodology has led to mixed results in the literature [1]. The literature on closed-loop model-based wind farm control is scarce, and there is only a handful of solutions that have been tested in high-fidelity simulation or through experiments (e.g., [6]). A novel closed-loop model-based wind farm control solution will be synthesized and demonstrated on a 3 by 3 wind farm through high-fidelity simulations. The evaluated wind farm consists of nine future-scale 10 MW turbines developed by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) [7] This is the first paper in its field to showcase wind farm control for such largescale turbines in a high-fidelity environment.

SURROGATE MODEL
HIGH-FIDELITY MODEL
Real-time model adaptation
Control setpoint optimization
Optimization methodology
Simulation setup
Simulation results and analysis
Discussion
CONCLUSIONS
Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call