Abstract
Thermal bridges are vulnerable points present in the envelope of buildings and influence the thermoenergetic performance and still bring consequences to the opaque surface such as the favoring in the formation of filamentous fungi. The impacts of thermal bridges and their consideration in calculations of thermal transmittance have been discussed in different parts of the world and in regions of cold climates in Brazil. This work aims to evaluate the impact of thermal bridges of reinforced concrete structure in a residential building in the bioclimatic zone 2, considering five approaches for modeling of thermal bridges in the EnergyPlus computational simulation software. The results show that the type of approach used for modeling in computational simulation influences the energy consumption values of the building. The different models tested showed variations in building energy consumption when comparing the strategies that considered the calculations of thermal bridges with the approach that disregarded this calculation, especially in high insulated buildings, where it was possible to identify differences of up to 13%. The conclusions observed show that the level of insulation of the envelope is one of the factors that interferes in the differences in building consumption between the approaches evaluated for thermal bridges. Keywords: Linear Thermal Bridges, Computer Simulation, Energy Performance
Highlights
Thermal bridges are vulnerable points present in the envelope of buildings and influence the thermoenergetic performance and still bring consequences to the opaque surface such as the favoring in the formation of filamentous fungi
This work aims to evaluate the impact of thermal bridges of reinforced concrete structure in a residential building in the bioclimatic zone 2, considering five approaches for modeling of thermal bridges in the EnergyPlus computational simulation software
The results show that the type of approach used for modeling in computational simulation influences the energy consumption values of the building
Summary
Existem dois tipos de pontes térmicas: geométricas/lineares e condicionadas aos materiais (7). Quando a superfície da parede interna de um edifício tem uma umidade relativa maior ou igual a 80% por 6 horas ou mais por dia, os fungos filamentosos podem se desenvolver (12). Mesmo quando utilizado um sistema melhor de isolamento nas edificações, os gastos com aquecimento, quando calculados pela metodologia que não leva em consideração cálculos de pontes térmicas, são 30% maiores, mostrando que o quadro legislativo é insuficiente e pode levar a uma subestimação significativa no consumo real de energia (21). Quando a estrutura de concreto não possui isolamento (caso base), as perdas por pontes térmicas podem representar um consumo de energia 24,5% maior quando comparada com a mesma edificação utilizando um isolamento de 50mm de EPS sobre a estrutura e o bloco de concreto. E, ainda, se for feito um retrofit com 160mm de EPS a economia de energia pode chegar até 30% (23)
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