Model vojne neutralnosti kao razvojna perspektiva Republike Srbije

Abstract

Neutrality, from the aspect of the defence of the country, implies, primarily, relying on its own strengths. A military neutral country must neither be a member of a military alliance nor participate in an armed conflict as a warring party, unless it is self-defence, but also to promote and encourage peace processes. On the other hand, political neutrality should exclude membership in political organizations that represent particular interests or the creation of other formal political alliances that exclude the independent conduct of country policy. The economy of small countries through the concept of neutrality can directly contribute to improving security, and economic relationships with the world can be used to strengthen friendship and improve connections between countries. Bearing in mind the constant changes in international relations at the global level, as well as the complex security environment of the Republic of Serbia, military neutrality carries with it certain risks and advantages. From the security point of view, the Republic of Serbia must provide the equipping of an army with modern weapon systems in accordance with the threats to security. This is the only way it can be a factor of deterring possible military threats, but also a guarantor of unhindered economic development of the country and protection of vital economic and infrastructural investments, as a prerequisite for economic investment in the Republic of Serbia. On the other hand, the military neutrality of the Republic of Serbia makes it easier to engage in significant projects such as the new 'Silk Road', which is a consequence of its neutrality in tight relations between China and the United States, as the main leverage of the NATO, but also other initiatives, such as the renewal of co-operation with countries which made up the Non-Aligned Movement. From this, a direct conclusion is drawn that neutrality, as a means and policy instrument, more or less represents a flexible constant of the foreign policy of the Republic of Serbia.