Model Predictive Control of Battery Energy Storage System for Secondary Frequency Regulation

Abstract

A model predictive control (MPC) for battery energy storage system (BESS) participating in secondary frequency regulation of power system with dynamic state of charge (SOC) recovery reference value is proposed in this paper. The frequency regulation process of BESS is divided into different stages according to the area control error (ACE) signal of the power system. Considering the effect of frequency regulation and SOC recovery, this paper considers the effect of frequency regulation and SOC recovery, and obtains the optimal output of BESS under different ACE intervals by MPC. The fuzzy controller is used to determine the dynamic SOC recovery reference value when BESS performs SOC recovery, which makes SOC recovery more adaptive to load changes. The corresponding frequency regulation effect and SOC maintenance effect evaluation indexes are proposed. A two-area power system model is built in MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the proposed strategy under step and continuous load disturbance, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the grid frequency regulation effect and ensures the long-term performance of BESS.