Abstract
This study aims to design and build water resource conservation model with emphasis on technical, socio-economical,and ecological aspects involving extensive changes in land use, population growth, continuity of operation of the hydropower of Asahan and some other aspects of the catchment. Illustration of the water balance was made under the influence of land use and other economic activities. Modelling of water balance was constructed by the method of dynamic modeling systems using Powersim software. The water availability was analyzed using FJ.Mock method with variables derived from the analysis of the ecological condition of the catchment area of Lake Toba. The simulations ofwater balance and water level was performed for the condition without intervention variables and with intervention variables. The intervention variables was performed in pessimistic, moderat and optimistic scenario to provide an overview of conservation policy. The simulation of the water balance and lake water level indicate that either in the year of 2017-2057, the best scenario is between moderate and optimistic scenarios in the condition of the population growth between 0.8% - 1.0% per year, infiltration coefficient values between 0.40 to 0.45, the value of land cover factor between 0.25 to 0.3, while the flow ofwater released into the Asahan River of 91.69 m3/sec in average. Keywords: FJ. Mock, water balance, land cover factor value, Lake Toba
Highlights
Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang mutlak diperlukan bagi hidup dan kehidupan manusia sehingga sangat penting dikelola dengan baik
This study aims to design and build water resource conservation model with emphasis on technical, socioeconomical,and ecological aspects involving extensive changes in land use, population growth, continuity of operation of the hydropower of Asahan and some other aspects of the catchment
Program Studi Arsitektur Lanskap, Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB, Bogor
Summary
Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang mutlak diperlukan bagi hidup dan kehidupan manusia sehingga sangat penting dikelola dengan baik. Pendayagunaan sumber daya air semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk, sementara ketersediaan air secara kumulatif tetap dalam suatu daerah tangkapan air, bahkan diperkirakan semakin berkurang jika terjadi degradasi lingkungan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan upaya perlindungan, pelestarian dan pemanfaatan danau secara lestari dan serius dengan melakukan penelitian tentang sumber daya air yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian tersebut dilakukan dengan judul Model Konservasi Sumber Daya Air Danau Toba Secara Berkelanjutan. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kondisi ekologis perairan, mengkaji neraca keseimbangan air Danau Toba, merumuskan persepsi pakar tentang konservasi sumberdaya air danau dan merumuskan model konservasi sumber daya air danau yang berkelanjutan. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan mengkaji perubahan penggunaan lahan, perubahan tata ruang, kependudukan dan kondisi sumber daya fisik selama beberapa tahun pada daerah tangkapan air, menganalisa neraca air dengan menghitung ketersediaan air, pemanfaatan air dan cadangan air Danau Toba setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung masukan dan keluaran air Danau Toba dan membangun neraca air Danau Toba yang berkelanjutan
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