Mode shift, motivational reasons, and impact on emissions of shared e-scooter usage

Abstract

Shared vehicles are expected to improve urban mobility and reduce transport related emissions. Since 2017, e-scooters are deployed in sharing schemes in cities around the world. However, user behavior including replaced modes and motivations for mode change as well as impact on overall emissions is still in question. Based on a Germany wide user survey, we determine mode substitution, estimate a multinomial logit model to reveal influence of motivational aspects on shared e-scooter choice, and calculate impact on emissions. Results show that majority of shared e-scooter trips replace walking, followed by public transport and at the same rate private bikes and private cars. The calculated net emission balance is currently negative, although a path to a positive effect is likely. Reasons for car users to choose a shared e-scooter are less time spent searching for parking and avoiding congestion, but also sustainable behavior was a significant impact factor reported.