Mode of replication, size and distribution of naturally occurring plasmids in Bacillus thuringiensis

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Cloned replication origin regions, derived from both small (4.9–7.5 MDa) and large (43–60 MDa) plasmids of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki strains HD73 and HD263 were used as hybridization probes in a Southern-blot analysis to assess both the size and horizontal distribution of native plasmid replicon groups among different subspecies of B. thuringiensis. In general, resident plasmids hybridizing to the replication origin regions derived from strains HD263 and HD73 were more commonly found in kurstaki strains than in non- kurstaki strains, suggesting a non-random distribution of plasmid incompatibility groups. Replication origin regions derived from the large HD263 plasmids (43–60 MDa) hybridized almost exclusively with large plasmids (>30 MDa) of widely varying sizes. In contrast, replication origin regions derived from small plasmids hybridized exclusively with small plasmids (< 10 MDa) showing little size variation. These results are consistent with previous observations concerning the relationship between plasmid size, mode of replication, and structural stability.