Abstract
A mode-counteraction-based self-decoupling method is proposed for the circularly polarized (CP) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) microstrip patch antenna (MPA) array. The array simply consists of two identical diagonal-fed rectangular MPAs, without any extra decoupling structure. It is found that by properly adjusting the patch dimensions and feeding positions, the orthogonal TM1, 0 and TM0, 1 modes can be simultaneously excited in the active MPA to generate the CP field. Meanwhile, the coupled <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -fields of the two modes in the adjacent passive MPA can counteract each other, generating a null-field region. When the feeding probe of the passive MPA is placed within the null-field region, no signal can be received at the port, and consequently, an extremely low mutual coupling of −59.4 dB is achieved, without scarifying any other radiation performance of the MPA. In addition, this self-decoupling method is also applicable to other types of MPA arrays and four-element MPA arrays, exhibiting great versatility and extensibility.
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