Modal effective electromechanical coupling approximate evaluations and simplified analyses: numerical and experimental assessments

Abstract

This contribution presents numerical and experimental assessments of the modal effective electromechanical coupling coefficient (EMCC) using popular approximate evaluations and simplified analyses of piezoelectric structures. For this purpose, first, a common benchmark, consisting of a cantilever Aluminum (Al) beam with symmetrically surface-bonded two pairs of large piezoceramic (PZT) patches, is retained for the assessment of EMCC different evaluation formulas and plane strain (PStrain) and plane stress (PStress) two-dimensional (2D) analyses using ANSYS\({^\circledR}\) coupled piezoelectric three-dimensional (3D) and 2D finite elements (FE). Then, similarly, an experimental assessment is conducted on two benchmarks consisting of Al long and short cantilevers equipped symmetrically with pairs of small and large PZT patches. It is found that, in order to get EMCC accurate approximate numerical evaluation, it is crucial to consider the patches electrodes equipotential constraints and, in order to get EMCC accurate 2D results with regard to 3D calculations, it is necessary to use PStress kinematics for approximate 2D analysis. Besides, 3D FE and experimental frequencies are shown to be bounded from below by PStress and from above by PStrain 2D FE results. Moreover, EMCC 2D PStress results are found closer to 3D FE and experimental results than PStrain 2D FE ones.