Abstract
A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) connects mobile nodes without any base station. These nodes in the network can change the topology dynamically and transfer the data among themselves. The nodes in the MANET are categorized based on the resource factors like memory, computation, and power levels. The dynamic change in route makes the connection of the destination node more complex. Sometimes, it results in link failure, and hence the primary route is failed, which means an alternative route is required to transmit the packets. It required multiple paths from the source node to destination node with a stable path connecting the source node. This issue makes MANET routing a crucial task. To address these problems, multipath routing in MANET is discussed in this paper. Multipath routing provides various paths for a single source node to a single destination node. It is more important to consider load balancing and fault tolerance when establishing the multipath routing mechanism. This paper describes the various type of challenges along with their respective multipath routing protocols in MANETs.
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