Abstract
The mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) are depleted in trace elements due to the extraction of the crust, which is correspondingly enriched. The isotopic character of MORB indicates that the source region for these basalts has been depleted for some time (several billion years). The oceanic island basalts (OIB) , on the other hand, exhibit isotope characteristics ranging from depleted to undepleted to enriched. These heterogeneities can form in myriad ways; for instance by subduction of crustal material, or by preservation of undepleted material from the early Earth.
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