Abstract
The application of enzymes such as laccase and xylanase for the preparation of cellulose from lignocellulosic material is an option for those industries seeking to reduce the use of chlorine-containing bleach agents, thus minimizing the environmental impact of their processes. Mixed hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme systems have been well described in the context of biopulping, and thus provide good precedent regarding effectiveness, despite the susceptibility of xylanase to inactivation by laccase-generated oxidants. This paper examines the progress towards development of sequential and simultaneous mixed enzyme systems to accomplish delignification.
Highlights
The processing of lignocellulosic biomass is essential for the production of cellulosic pulp as a raw material for paper manufacture and as a feedstock for chemical synthesis, including biofuel
Subsites for substrate docking are represented as -2, -1, +1, and +2, where cleavage occurs between subsites −1 and +1, and the negative numbers refer to residues in the nonreducing end direction, while positive numbers refer to residues in the reducing end direction [102]
The change in the hexenuronic acid (HexA) content of sisal pulp was followed during a bleaching sequence performed with and without a xylanase stage and including an laccase mediator system (LMS) treatment, where either the natural compound sinapyl aldehyde or the synthetic compound violuric acid was used as laccase mediator
Summary
The processing of lignocellulosic biomass is essential for the production of cellulosic pulp as a raw material for paper manufacture and as a feedstock for chemical synthesis, including biofuel. Lignocellulose degradation is a multienzyme process involving both hydrolytic and oxidative transformations, due to the complexity of lignified plant material [1,2,3]. The enzyme systems must be robust in order to recycle the vast amount of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems [1,4]. The discovery of peroxide-dependent lignin degrading enzymes in cultures of the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium [5,6] marked the beginning of the development of isolated enzyme systems for applied biomass delignification
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