Abstract
In this article, the Hall and ion-slip effects on a mixed convection flow of an electrically conducting nanofluid over a stretching sheet in a permeable medium have been discussed. Using the similarity transformations, the partial differential equations corresponding to the momentum, energy, and concentration equations are transformed to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically using a spectral relaxation method (SRM). The effects of significant parameters on the velocities, temperature, and concentration profiles are analyzed graphically. Moreover, the results of the skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are determined numerically. The results of the analysis showed that the velocity profile in the flow direction increases with an increase in mixed convection parameter λ, Hall parameter βh, and ion-slip parameter βi, and it decreases with an increase in the magnetic parameter M. Furthermore, temperature and concentration profiles decrease as the mixed convection parameter λ and buoyancy ratio Nr increase. It is also observed that the skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number increase with an increase in the Hall parameter βh, mixed convection parameter λ, and buoyancy ratio Nr.
Highlights
The study of convection and heat transfer in the presence of nanofluid has obtained significant attention because of its wide applications in science, engineering, and industry
The concept of nanofluid was first commenced by Choi [1] to refer to the fluids with suspended nanoparticles (1–100 nm)
The suspended nanoparticles assist to enhance the thermal conductivity of the fluid
Summary
The study of convection and heat transfer in the presence of nanofluid has obtained significant attention because of its wide applications in science, engineering, and industry. Some of these applications are welding equipment, power generating systems, cooling of nuclear reactor, automobile engines, and heat exchanging in electronics devices. The concept of nanofluid was first commenced by Choi [1] to refer to the fluids with suspended nanoparticles (1–100 nm). The suspended nanoparticles assist to enhance the thermal conductivity of the fluid. Ramzan et al [12] analyzed the aqueous-based nanofluid flow containing carbon nanotubes past a vertical cone through a porous medium with entropy generation and thermal radiation. Bilal and Ramzan [13] discussed unsteady two-dimensional flow of mixed
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