Abstract
Salinity causes cellular damage and limits crop productivity. Accumulation of organic compound is one of the major adaptive mechanisms for salinity tolerance in plants. The main objective of the present study was to mitigate the adverse effects of soil salinity in rice through organic amendments like proline and organic manure. The field experiments were conducted at the farmers field of Batiaghata upazilla under Khulna district with aman rice. The soil was silty clay loam having pH 7.2, EC 6.6 dS/m, CEC 26 meq/100 g soil and organic matter 0.84%. Rice variety BR 23 was used as a test crop. There were 15 treatment combinations with different doses of proline and organic manures. Recommended doses of N, P, K, S and Zn fertilizers were applied to all the experimental plots. Proline was applied as foliar spray at seedling and/or vegetative stages. Organic manures were added to soils during final land preparation. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant reductions in growth and yield of rice were observed under saline conditions. Application of both proline and organic manures significantly increased growth, yield contributing characters, and grain and straw yields of rice under salinity conditions. There were no significant variations in growth and yield of rice due to use of different doses of proline and organic manure. Increased nutrient uptake and K+/Na+ ratio were observed in rice due to proline as well as organic manure application under saline conditions. The present study suggests that exogenous proline or organic manure confers tolerance to salinity in rice by increasing K+/Na+ ratio and nutrient uptake.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 478-486
Highlights
World agriculture is facing a lot of challenges like producing 70% more food for an additional 2.3 billion people by 2050 while at the same time fighting with poverty and hunger, consuming scarce natural resources more efficiently and adapting to climate change (FAO 2009 )
Growth and yield components Soil salinity caused a significant decrease in different growth parameters e.g. plant height, number of effective tillers per hill, panicle length and 1000 grains weight as well as grain and straw yield of rice
Lakhdar et al 2008 found that soil salinity can be reduced by organic matter amendment in soil and growth performance of crops was better with organic matter addition in soil under saline condition
Summary
World agriculture is facing a lot of challenges like producing 70% more food for an additional 2.3 billion people by 2050 while at the same time fighting with poverty and hunger, consuming scarce natural resources more efficiently and adapting to climate change (FAO 2009 ). The lower productivity in most of the cases is attributed to various abiotic stresses. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Soil salinity is a major concern to agriculture all over the world because it affects almost all plant functions. More than 6% of the world’s land and one third of the world's irrigated land are significantly affected by soil salinity (FAO, 2008). Rice is mainly grown in the saline areas but the yield is very low due to lack of salt-tolerant high yielding variety and inappropriate management practices. Salinity imposes both ionic toxicity and osmotic stress to plants.
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